Ability-based outcomes

The purpose of this document is to define a set of concise program level outcomes for students completing the Doctor of Pharmacy program at Wayne State University. The outcomes outlined in this document are ability based outcomes (ABOs).

ABOs define what students will be able to do as a result of completing the Doctor of Pharmacy program at Wayne State University. ABOs do not define the knowledge skills and attitudes which enable students to meet the outcomes. They define what graduates can do as a result of knowledge, skills and attitudes gained through completing the entire curriculum.

The ABOs will be used in conjunction with other content area measures for curricular design and assessment. A curricular map that defines the relationship between individual courses and the ABOs will be developed.

The ABOs are divided into four distinct domains, which describe different attributes that the PharmD curriculum is designed to impart in each graduate:

Domain 1 – Foundational Knowledge

1.1. Learner (Learner) - Attain, integrate, and apply knowledge from the foundational sciences (i.e., pharmaceutical, social/behavioral/administrative, and clinical sciences) to evaluate biomedical literature, explain drug action, solve therapeutic problems, and advance population health and patient centered care.

Domain 2 – Essentials for Practice and Care

2.1. Patient-centered care (Caregiver) - Provide patient-centered care as the medication specialist (obtain and interpret evidence, formulate and prioritize assessments of health related problems, develop and implement care plans and recommendations, monitor and adjust care plans, and document activities)

2.2. Medication use systems management (Manager) - Manage human, financial, technological, and physical resources to optimize the safety and efficacy of medication use systems to meet patient healthcare needs.

2.3. Health and wellness (Promoter) - Design prevention, intervention, and educational strategies for individuals and communities to improve health and wellness and to manage chronic disease.

2.4. Population-based care (Provider) - Describe and apply principles of how population-based care influences patient centered care and influences the development of practice guidelines and evidence-based best practices

Domain 3 - Approach to Practice and Care

3.1. Problem Solving (Problem Solver) – Identify problems; explore and prioritize potential strategies; and design, implement and evaluate a viable solution.

3.2. Educator (Educator) – Educate all audiences by determining the most effective and enduring ways to impart information and assess understanding.

3.3. Patient Advocacy (Advocate) - Assure that patients’ best interests are represented.

3.4. Interprofessional collaboration (Collaborator) – Actively participate and engage as a healthcare team member by demonstrating mutual respect, understanding, and values to meet patient care needs.

3.5. Cultural sensitivity (Includer) - Recognize social determinants of health to diminish disparities and inequities in access to quality care.

3.6. Communication (Communicator) – Effectively communicate verbally and nonverbally when interacting with an individual, group or organization.

Domain 4 – Personal and Professional Development

4.1. Self-awareness (Self-aware) – Examine and reflect on personal knowledge, skills, abilities, beliefs, attitudes, motivation, and emotions that could enhance or limit personal and professional growth.

4.2. Leadership (Leader) - Demonstrate responsibility for creating and achieving shared goals, regardless of position.

4.3. Innovation and Entrepreneurship (Innovator) - Engage in innovative activities by using creative thinking to envision better ways of accomplishing professional goals.

4.4. Professionalism (Professional) - Exhibit behaviors and values that are consistent with the trust given to the profession